DQ1 Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

DQ1 Questions - Assignment Example A bachelor’s degree is the minimum requirement needed to work in the advertising industry. A master’s degree opens up many opportunities for professionals in this field. The average salary of a marketing advertising executive is $67,014 (Salary). The global economic crisis of 2008-2009 affected the economy a lot. In the marketing field the impact was devastating. Massive layoffs left thousands of workers in the marketing field out of a job. The downsizing initiatives put a lot of pressure and added workload on the marketing departments of many organizations. Another variable that was affected by the recession was overall marketing spending. Cost cutting initiatives lowered the money available to spend on advertising. Customers affect the products and services provided by companies. The customer taste and preferences are two variables used by marketers in the design process of new products (Kotler). Marketing should become the responsibility of entire work staff. Word of mouth advertising and placing advertising material on employee’s cars are two ways to increase employee involvement in marketing activities. â€Å"Word-of-mouth advertising is important for every business, as each happy customer can steer dozens of ne w ones your way† (Entrepreneur). The customer’s needs and wants can impact advertisers because that input can be use to create products that companies

Stock Market Research Paper Essay Example for Free

Stock Market Research Paper Essay Brooke Boll Boll 1 Ms. Huneke English 2A January 24th 2010 America’s All Time Low The United States of America has always been known as a very strong, free, wealthy country. People all over the world immigrated to the U. s for many reasons one of them being the freedom and the opportunity to choose their own living. After World War I the United States of America went through a wide economic expansion because of the new technology. The stock market benefited greatly to all this money the country was making. Many people began putting money into stocks to make a fast killing. Most of these people never even thought that what was about to happen was even possible. The stock market will always go up is what everyone thought and never realized that it would soon come crumbling down. In September of 1929 the stock market hit an all time low which resulted in one of history’s greatest stock market disasters (Quinn). As everyone knows what goes up must come down there for in October of 1929 the market began to crash. â€Å"Even though most people did not own stocks the effects of the stock market crash were not limited to stockholders†(ABC-CLIO). The stock market crash affected the whole entire country. This down fall was one of the major factors that caused the great depression. â€Å"After ten years of soaring values, Wall street Boll 2 commodities plunged to frighteningly low depths on Black Tuesday, October 29, 1929. The stock market collapsed in a frenzy of selling in which a record 16 million shares were dumped† (Wukovits, 19). The millions of shares in the stock market being cut created financial issues for everyone. Very rich business men lost money in their stock and started to raise prices and cut salaries. Men and women all over the country lost their jobs and or saw their salary slashed. The unemployment percent skyrocketed and almost seven hundred banks were closed in the year of 1929, and eighty-five thousand businesses went bankrupt between 29 and 32(Wukovits, 18). The unemployment rate was nearly up to 25% in the 1930’s and did not drop back to 10% until the 1940’s. Not only did the unemployment ratio build but so did the amount of suicides throughout this time. The stock market affected everyone in the country due to the loss of money, jobs and homes. Homeless Americans then started to ride the rails. This was dangerous and when the railroads began to hire security that often started riots on the rails. Thousands of deaths were caused by jumping on and off train cars just to have somewhere to sleep. Americans all over could not pay for everyday things because they have lost so much money. â€Å"I knew the depression had really hit when the electric lights went out. My parents could no longer pay the one dollar electric bill† (ABC-CLIO). Prices of almost everything dropped hoping to fix the economies problems but with the salaries getting cut and jobs being lost the amount of income for most families could not even pay for basic life essentials. A winter coat was only twenty Boll 3 eight dollars, but people froze on the streets. A gas stove was nineteen ninety nine yet people all over America died of hunger due to the stock market crash and great depression. At only eight months in office the president of the United States during this crisis Herbert Hoover believed that the government should only play a small part in fixing the economy crisis. He tried to persuade the people and work force of America that the economy was perfectly fine and to keep living life as usual. He begged businesses not to lower their prices or cut down salaries and he also asked workers not to go on strike. Hoover firmly believed that government handouts would make the people of America weak. In Hoovers eyes handouts would not allow America to come together and fix this problem. â€Å"Herbert Hoover made massive public works programs to provide jobs for unemployed workers. He helped establish the federal farm board to assist farmers, the Federal Home Loan Bank Act to provide money for home purchases and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation to provide financing for large businesses† (Wukovits, 19). All of Hoover’s ideas and plans to make the market rise again could only do so much. So many banks tried to raise their interest rates on loans to brokers to raise money and help the economy build again but the stock market was like a roller coaster when it went up it fell back down just as hard. â€Å"Many investors lost their life savings, and many businesses and banks failed due to their losses. One economist, Roger W. Babson, was the first to predict the crash he drew on evidence that consumers’ credit burdens were increasing, steel production was dropping, auto sales were falling, and some stocks were showing signs of price inflation. Other Boll 4 economists, like Irving Fisher, dismissed the markets downward trend as a shaking-out of speculators that would ultimately bring stability† (Galbraith). The stock market crash may have been one major cause of The Great Depression but it was also a major part in American history. The crash started the reform of laws and led to the establishment of the

Adult Education During The Industrial Revolution History Essay

Adult Education During The Industrial Revolution History Essay The purpose of this paper is to highlight five influential factors that contributed to the development of adult education in the United States during the Industrial Revolution. Discussion will begin with the American Model of University Extension including the concepts developed by William Harper and Charles Van Hise, and the role they played in the development of extension education. Next in discussion will be womens rights highlighting a few female role models and their contribution to the push for womens freedoms and education. Education for work, details the demand for education as America shifted from the Antebellum era into the fast pace era of the Industrial age, followed by a discussion on how the U.S. Department of Agriculture campaigned to improve agriculture in the south. This paper will conclude with African American Adults and how after becoming freed slaves they began the journey of education. American Model of University Extension According to Stubblefield and Keane (1994), in 1887 Herbert Baxter Adams, professor of history at Johns Hopkins University, gave a speech at the convention of the American Library Association that inspired the creation of the American lecture programs. The American lecture programs were modeled after the English University extension program. Moreover in 1891, the American Society for the Extension of University Teaching held a conference to promote extension activities which led to the private and state universities involvement in extension. Furthermore, in 1885 the University of Wisconsin developed the farmers institute. In 1892 William Rainey Harper, the president of the University of Chicago, implemented correspondence classes and off-campus courses to further the development of extension education. In addition, in the beginning of the twentieth century, academic scholars worked to promote extension services with the belief that knowledge was essential to progress. In 1915, Charle s Van Hise, president of the University of Wisconsin, created the concept of combining culture, vocation and research information to be the major focus of the extension services. Further, he believed it was the duty of the extension services to inform and educate everyone in the country (Stubblefield and Keane, 1994). Womens Rights The Industrial Revolution was the beginning for womens independence which changed the lives of women when factories began to hire women. Women were often paid less than men but were expected to perform the same type of work (Tilly, 1994). The reasons factory owners preferred women to men workers was because of the pay and labor. Valenze (1995) stated, Factory owners preference for female labor was based not only on its cheapness: many women assumed the yoke of hard labor in the factories without complaint, and this fostered the widespread opinion that female workers were more docile, and therefore less likely to cause trouble than men. Because of women fighting for rights and receiving them, in 1893 there was a week-long celebration of the World Congress of Representative Women at the Chicago World Fair which attracted almost 150,000 people (Stubblefield and Keane, 1994). Some women contributed to improving situations for the working class. Role models such as Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Susan B. Anthony, Lucy Stone, and Elizabeth Blackwell, who were all well-known for their involvement in the womens rights movement, opened the doors of opportunity in education and occupation for women of today. Without their perseverance women could still possibly be extremely limited in career opportunities and unable to do the things that they take pleasure in and benefit from. Education for Work Transitions from the Antebellum Era to the Industrial era brought on new challenges in more ways than economics, technology, and farming; the need for educational changes was taken place as well. During the Industrial era manufacturing was at a high with new innovations such as textile plants, therefore vocational education was on the rise. Vocational education was a shift from a reliance on natural resources to a reliance on human resources and the skilled workforce (Stubblefield and Keane, 1994). In 1917 the Hughes Act backed the idea that industrial education should be taught in public schools along with home economics and several courses geared towards the changing era. An increase in student participation in the classroom rose from 86 % in 1919 to 92% within five years. Adults also sought out training through private trade schools and apprenticeships studies. Adults who were unable to attend were often offered education via correspondence study. The largest and most well known c orrespondence school was located in Scranton Pennsylvania which enrolled over two million students between 1892 and 1920 (Stubblefield and Keane, 1994). Despite the setback of some schools trying to exploit their students to gain a buck, employers who had established apprenticeship programs also taught their students the value, integrity and or hard work. Agriculture The Department of Agriculture provided an institute method of teaching by offering lectures and farming classes to the local farmers. While the institute method of teaching covered a lot of material there was no sure way to determine if the knowledge received from the farmers was actually going to be implemented in their every day farming techniques (Stubblefield and Keane, 1994). Not only was it rooted in the survival of the population, agriculture was also an essential source of raw materials for the textile business. In 1887, the federal government made the experiment station a national institution through the Hatch Act, which granted each state $15,000 per year to assist in the aid of agricultural education. By 1900, the adult farming school was accepted as part of the education of rural adults. In 1902, Seaman Knapp, a special agent for the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), was in charge of the campaign to improve agriculture in the south and he set up a local farmer for su ccess by using his farm as a demonstration point on the effects of agricultural education has on farming (Stubblefield and Keane, 1994). In doing so he eased the minds of the hesitant farmers and opened their eyes to new farming methods which reassured them that innovation was a positive thing. In 1904, Knapp accepted African Americans as demonstrators and cooperators of farming, and in 1906, he teamed up with the Tuskegee Institute in Tuskegee, Alabama (Stubblefield and Keane, 1994). Wool and cotton production for the making of cloth increased each year, as well as the yield of food crops. Marketing and production provided enough food to continue an adequate work force. African American Adults Post Civil War left the country in disarray and a lot of uncertainty when it came to the issue of slaves making the transition over to freedom. There was not a plan for changeover which left a lot of free blacks without jobs and an education. In 1865, the Freedmens Bureau began a reshaping by General Howard to better suit the educational needs of freed slaves. The bureau selected several groups and societies to begin educational development; the American Missionary Association focused on assisting blacks in their transition from slaves to free people. The Missionary established schools that were dedicated solely to the educational development of blacks where they also began training blacks to be educators themselves. The intent was to produce enough qualified teachers who would educate other freed blacks. The end state was to hopefully encourage blacks to pursue careers to be lawyers, teachers, doctors, or preachers (The American Missionary Association, n.d.). Even though the Freedme ns Bureau was disbanded in 1872 and blacks were on their own so to speak, the education that blacks received for that seven year span was instrumental in the continued drive for higher education. Just as the rest of the country was adapting to the new industrial methods, farmers overcame the corporate domination with the help of the Grange and Farmers Alliances. Women took a stand for what they believed was right, and freed slaves were receiving an education to help in their transition. The purpose of this paper was to highlight five influential factors that contributed to the development of adult education in the United States during the Industrial Revolution. They were the American Model of University womens rights, education for work, agriculture and African American Adults.

A street Car Named Desire :: essays papers

A street Car Named Desire Blanche’s Magic gone Sour Blanche is a woman who desire’s a new life. She is an outcast to society and turns to her sister Stella for help. She needs a way out from her discouraging life. This is why she comes to New Orleans. She feels a new opportunity is around the corner and maybe even a new life. Blanche has no place left to turn and her past catches up to her. Blanche is a very confused woman. She doesn’t even know herself what she really wants. From the point her husband pulled the trigger Blanche has felt nothing but despair and desire. She turned to anything that made her feel better and unfortunately it was prostitution. She lost her and Stella’s house and acts like it wasn’t her fault. She arrives at New Orleans looking for a new life and someone to complain and wine to, this being her sister. She has no place left to go but Stella’s house this is her only opportunity to start over. When Blanche arrives everything starts off pretty smoothly. She doesn’t have a big problem with Stanley yet and her sister is happy to see her. Its only until her past starts to be told is when the trouble begins. Stanley gets very upset at Blanche for losing the house and thinks that she is cheating Stella. This of coarse makes Stanley hate Blanche and he is now determined to undermine her and then make her leave. He knows she is not up to any good and this is proven when she becomes involved with Mitch. When Blanche and Mitch meet sparks fly and we as the reader think this is the start to a good relationship, something that both these characters need. Blanche really likes Mitch and she things this could be a

Social Work Essay -- Sociology, Social Division

This essay will discuss social divisions; social exclusion and social inclusion, of which there are many definitions and interpretations. Social divisions and Social exclusion has been around for many years. Social exclusion was first noticed in France in 1970s in relation to people who fell outside the range of the social insurance system, such as disabled people, lone parents and the young unemployed (Townsend and Kennedy, 2004). Before 1997 Social exclusion was referred to as ‘poverty’, which means where people lack many of the opportunities that are available to the average person (Palmer; 2010). However for the purpose of this assignment, it will focus on homelessness as a social division, the relationship between exclusion and inclusion, and how this relates to social work practice. Everybody in society is part of a social division. Thompson (2010) states that social divisions are complex and people are not only part of one group they are often part of other groups, for a example a asylum seekers can be linked with social divisions such as poverty, unemployment and homelessness. Asylum seekers can also be marginalised by language barriers. Supporting Thompson (2010) is Armstrong (2006) who stated in 1997, 4.8 million adults suffered from five or more disadvantages of exclusion. Social divisions are: class, race, disability, identify, gender and geographical environment, they are often problematic to individuals, groups and communities. Each Government which has come into power has tried to eradicate poverty, poor health, poor communities, discrimination and prejudice towards certain individuals and groups (Alcock, 2008). Social exclusion, which excludes people from society, can be categorised into people who are,... ...them (Dalrymple and Burke, 2006). Homeless people as already stated may have a number of disadvantages, one maybe a language barrier, English may not be their first language, therefore the social worker would find it useful to use an interpreter, which shows they value their cultural and want to help and support them. In conclusion the role of a social worker is increasingly significant when working with people who are socially excluded, due to multiple factors such as, poverty, homelessness, race, mental health and sexual orientation. The essay has shown how people are effected by how Government oversee the country and how they encourage social workers to follow laws and polices, they need to believe in social justice and have an understanding of social divisions, social exclusion and how it informs their practice and then how people’s lives are impacted.

Feminism before the 20th Century Essay -- History Female Gender Papers

Feminism before the 20th Century For generations, women had been subjected to men. Women had no saying in what was going on around them, to what they wanted their lives to be, or even when it came to their bodies. Many women have raised their voices to protest against this subjugation, sometimes at great personal risk. Such is the French case of Marie Gouze(1748-93), who under the name Olympe de Gouges, wrote "Declaration of the Rights of Women and Citizen." In this document Marie advocated for civic equality, as well as equal participation in political rights, women's right to vote, and equal education. She presented this document to Marie Antoinette in 1789. Unfortunately, the proposal was rejected and Marie was condemned to the guillotine by the radical Jacobin in the assembly, however the ideals have survived through the years. In the 19th century, due to the industrial revolution, a new middle class with wealth from land, trading, and factories, was created. The women of this class took Marie's ideals and created has come to be known as the feminist movement. These women were educated, and it was obvious to them the rights they were missing, because they saw how the men of their class had acquired these rights with the new found wealth. The goals of the Women's Movement in the 19th century were to get the vote, to archive equality in property rights, access to education, access to jobs and fair pay, divorce, and children's custody. In spite of a few changes women still where a long way from archiving equality at the end of the 19th century, so the women of the 20th century following in the foot step of their feminist ancestors continued the fight for the total realization of all of these goals. Women fight ... ...transformations can be seen as extensions of the goals set in the 19th century. Childcare can be seen as an extension, of the desire of women to work, since to be able to work someone had to take care of the children. Abortion, and the use of birth control, can be seen as an extension of the desire of women to run their own lives from choosing whom to marry, to choosing whom to vote for. So in one way or another, the transformations that feminism invoked in the 20th century are part of the next logical step after the transformation achieved in the 19th century because at the end, the supreme goal of feminism has always been total equality, or should we say liberation, in all areas, political, sexual, economical, and social. Word Cited: Howard Spodek, "The World's History," vol 2. 1998 Roy Macridis and Mark Hulliung, "Contemporary Political Ideologies," 1996

Case Study of P&G (Marketing Issues)

| Case 5: P&G | | ————————————————- Company Background Porter and Gamble (P&G), founded in 1837, is one of the biggest consumer goods company over the world. P&G sells shampoos, baby care products, medicine and food etc. It not only diversified the product range but also the product width. Therefore, P&G has several brands under one single category but aimed with different customer segments. P&G is also famous for its innovative and customer-oriented approaches. For example, it designed one kind of shampoo which is suitable for Japanese.With the competitive advantages above, P&G was developing with an appealing growth rate and became one of the top 500 companies around the world. ————————————————- Why entered â€Å"$2 a day† market segment? In the past, P&G concentrated on medium and premium market segments. From the case, it was mentioned that P&G was too big to maintain a considerable growth rate within its existing target markets. It had to enter the bottom of pyramid, the 70% untouchable potential customers.Therefore, P&G targeted Chinese low end markets. In other words, P&G wanted to absorb Chinese living in countryside or second tier cities who earned around $2 per day. ————————————————- Marketing issues Following P&G customer-oriented traditions, the worldwide organization also put many efforts on the new target customers. It developed a series of marketing strategies as summarized. * Customer-oriented research P&G send employees to live in the rural areas in order to learn about the actual living style of the residents.After that, P&G found that Chinese living in countryside concerned more about the functions and the price level of the products. Besides, P&G still had more challenges to face. Firstly, the distribution channels were dispersed and small in size. Secondly, most people in the rural areas even did not know how to use shampoo correctly since they did not have chance to access those modern consumer goods. Moreover, P&G had to spend time on building mutual trust relationship with Chinese local parties as Chinese culture highly emphasized the importance of â€Å"Guanxi†.To attack all these challenges, P&G changed the method of packaging and developed â€Å"road shows† instead of its traditions TV advertisements to promote. * Packaging and prices of the products Since the new target customers only earned around $2 a day, they could not afford the normal price of its consumer goods. To solve this problem, P&G modified the packages to be used only for once in order to make the price of the products affordable for the new potential customers. * Road Shows P&G used its own prom otion teams to penetrate the rural areas.It had its own transportation team which decorated with its posters so that people could see the advertisements whenever the cars passed by the villages. Besides, P&G held many activities which attract people to know more about the products. In the activities, the promoters showed how to use the products to the residents. In addition, free samples would be distributed in order to attract the residents to try the products. It seemed that the marketing strategies were simple to implement but indeed, it spent P&G several years before it gained significant market shares in the new market segments. ———————————————— ————————————————- Strengths of the marketing strategies P&G was successfully using the localized strategies as wel l as customer-oriented approach. In my opinion, as the purchasing power of the bottom of pyramid was low, what they need was purely the basic functions of the products. Therefore, the company must learn the new target customers very well. The company hired many local employees who definitely understand the environment and living styles.Moreover, such strategies could make its promotion going deeper in the markets. Thought the number of audiences of every road show is limited, those who actual attended would get free samples. Then, they would tell their friends or relativities about how useful the products are. The effect of word-of-mouth would occur. ————————————————- Problems of the marketing strategies Everything has its down side. The marketing strategies P&G used were largely required time and resources. Such high investment was at risk.On the other hand, since P&G had a well-known image of premium class targeted, entering the low-end markets may lead confusion to its existing customers. In other words, there may lead some losses on original area of business. ————————————————- Recommendations Although in the rural area, residents earned just around $2 a day. P&G should not continue on the same strategy to them. The economy of China is growing with a high rate. Therefore, people living in countryside are expected to earn much more than current situation.The purchasing power of these customers should increase considerably in the near future. With the help of R&D center in Beijing, I suggest that P&G should start to invent some products which can fit for the change of the targeted customers. On the other hand, to avoid the confusion of brand image, I suggest P&G to launch another sub-brand names which include all the product categories aim ed at this market segments. (People earned $2 a day) Differentiated positioning product should have different brand names so that